Bearing Points

A HOMEOWNER'S GUIDE

Ever wondered about those specific spots in your house where all the heavy structural weight seems to get channeled down to the foundation? These are known as bearing points, sometimes labeled as PL (Point Load) or PLA (Point Load Above) in architectural or structural drawings.

What are Bearing Points?

Bearing points are usually constructed with multiple layers of sturdy lumber, like 2x4 or 2x6 boards. These spots are strategically located where the heaviest loads from the roof, ceiling, and any upper floors converge. Essentially, they help distribute this weight evenly down to the foundation, maintaining the structural integrity of your home.

How to Locate Bearing Points in a House?

The most common places you'll find bearing points are under key structural elements such as girders or trusses and along engineered woods like LVLs (Laminated Veneer Lumber) and LSLs (Laminated Strand Lumber). They are crucial for carrying the weight and preventing any structural sagging or worse, collapses.

Installation Basics

In terms of construction, it’s typical to use double 2x4 or 2x6 studs under a single LVL or girder truss. For heavier loads, like under double LVLs or girder trusses, triple studs are used, and for triple LVLs, even four studs might be required unless specified otherwise in the design plans.

When it comes to nailing, there's a specific pattern to follow. For bearing points, you should use 3¼-inch framing nails at every 12 inches, starting and finishing no more than 3 inches from the beginning of each stud. For 2x4 studs, you need two nails every 12 inches, and for 2x6 studs, three nails are necessary.

Don’t Forget the Squash Blocks

Another important but often overlooked component are squash blocks. These are continuation of bearing points and are installed between the floor joists to extend the functionality of bearing points from one floor to another, ensuring that the load is properly transferred throughout the structure. Squash blocks are located between the flour joists.

Bearing points are vital for your home’s safety and longevity, ensuring that all structural loads are properly managed. Whether you're building a new house or checking out an existing structure, bearing points remain important.